Angular 15 + Node.js + MongoDB example: CRUD App

In this tutorial, I will show you how to make Angular 15 connect to MongoDB with Node.js Express. We’re gonna build a full-stack Angular 15 + Node.js Express + MongoDB example (MEAN stack CRUD) in which, the back-end server uses Node.js + Express for REST APIs, front-end side is an Angular App with HttpClient, Router and Bootstrap.

Other versions:
– Using Angular 8
– Using Angular 10
– Using Angular 11
– Using Angular 12
– Using Angular 13
– Using Angular 14

Run both projects in one place:
How to Integrate Angular with Node.js Restful Services

Security: MEAN stack Authentication & Authorization example
Serverless with Firebase:
– Angular 15 Firebase CRUD example with Realtime DB
– Angular 15 Firestore CRUD example

Angular 15 + Nodejs + MongoDB Overview

We will build a MEAN stack CRUD example: Angular 15 + Nodejs Express + MongoDB Tutorial Application in that:

Tutorial has id, title, description, published status.
User can create, retrieve, update, delete Tutorials.
There is a search box for finding Tutorials by title.

Here are screenshots of the example.

– Create a Tutorial document:

– Retrieve all Tutorial documents:

– Click on Edit button to update a document:

On this Page, you can:

change status to Published using Publish button
delete the Tutorial using Delete button
update the Tutorial details with Update button

If you want to implement Form Validation, please visit:

– Search Tutorials by title:

– Check MongoDB Database:

Angular 15 + Node.js + MongoDB Architecture

We’re gonna build the MEAN stack – Angular 15 + Node Express + MongoDb application with following architecture:

– Node.js Express exports REST APIs & interacts with MongoDB Database using Mongoose ODM.
– Angular 15 Client sends HTTP Requests and retrieves HTTP Responses using HTTPClient, consume data on the components. Angular Router is used for navigating to pages.

Video

This is brief instruction and demo for Angular + Node.js Express application running with MongoDB database.

In the video, we use Angular 10, but the logic and UI are the same as this Angular version 15.

Node.js Express MongoDB Back-end

Overview

These are APIs that Node.js Express App will export:

Methods	Urls	Actions
GET	api/tutorials	get all Tutorials
GET	api/tutorials/:id	get Tutorial by `id`
POST	api/tutorials	add new Tutorial
PUT	api/tutorials/:id	update Tutorial by `id`
DELETE	api/tutorials/:id	remove Tutorial by `id`
DELETE	api/tutorials	remove all Tutorials
GET	api/tutorials?title=[kw]	find all Tutorials which title contains `'kw'`

Project Structure

– db.config.js exports configuring parameters for MongoDB connection & Mongoose.
– Express web server in server.js where we configure CORS, initialize & run Express REST APIs.
– Next, we add configuration for MongoDB database in models/index.js, create Mongoose data model in models/tutorial.model.js.
– Tutorial controller in controllers.
– Routes for handling all CRUD operations (including custom finder) in tutorial.routes.js.

Create Node.js App

First, we create a folder:

$ mkdir nodejs-express-mongodb
$ cd nodejs-express-mongodb

Next, we initialize the Node.js App with a package.json file:

npm init

name: (nodejs-express-mongodb) 
version: (1.0.0) 
description: Node.js Restful CRUD API with Node.js, Express and MongoDB
entry point: (index.js) server.js
test command: 
git repository: 
keywords: nodejs, express, mongodb, rest, api
author: bezkoder
license: (ISC)

Is this ok? (yes) yes

We need to install necessary modules: express, mongoose and cors.
Run the command:

npm install express mongoose cors --save

Setup Express web server

In the root folder, let’s create a new server.js file:

const express = require("express");
const cors = require("cors");

const app = express();

var corsOptions = {
  origin: "http://localhost:8081"
};

app.use(cors(corsOptions));

// parse requests of content-type - application/json
app.use(express.json());

// parse requests of content-type - application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }));

// simple route
app.get("/", (req, res) => {
  res.json({ message: "Welcome to bezkoder application." });
});

// set port, listen for requests
const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8080;
app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(`Server is running on port ${PORT}.`);
});

What we do are:
– import express and cors modules:

Express is for building the Rest apis
cors provides Express middleware to enable CORS with various options.

– create an Express app, then add body-parser (json and urlencoded) and cors middlewares using app.use() method. Notice that we set origin: http://localhost:8081.
– define a GET route which is simple for test.
– listen on port 8080 for incoming requests.

Now let’s run the app with command: node server.js.
Open your browser with url http://localhost:8080/, you will see:

Yeah, the first step is done. We’re gonna work with Mongoose in the next section.

Configure MongoDB database & Mongoose

In the app folder, we create a separate config folder for configuration with db.config.js file like this:

module.exports = {
  url: "mongodb://localhost:27017/bezkoder_db"
};

Define Mongoose

We’re gonna define Mongoose model (tutorial.model.js) also in app/models folder in the next step.

Now create app/models/index.js with the following code:

const dbConfig = require("../config/db.config.js");

const mongoose = require("mongoose");
mongoose.Promise = global.Promise;

const db = {};
db.mongoose = mongoose;
db.url = dbConfig.url;
db.tutorials = require("./tutorial.model.js")(mongoose);

module.exports = db;

Don’t forget to call connect() method in server.js:

...
const app = express();
app.use(...);

const db = require("./app/models");
db.mongoose
  .connect(db.url, {
    useNewUrlParser: true,
    useUnifiedTopology: true
  })
  .then(() => {
    console.log("Connected to the database!");
  })
  .catch(err => {
    console.log("Cannot connect to the database!", err);
    process.exit();
  });

Define the Mongoose Model

In models folder, create tutorial.model.js file like this:

module.exports = mongoose => {
  const Tutorial = mongoose.model(
    "tutorial",
    mongoose.Schema(
      {
        title: String,
        description: String,
        published: Boolean
      },
      { timestamps: true }
    )
  );

  return Tutorial;
};

This Mongoose Model represents tutorials collection in MongoDB database. These fields will be generated automatically for each Tutorial document: _id, title, description, published, createdAt, updatedAt, __v.

{
  "_id": "5e363b135036a835ac1a7da8",
  "title": "Js Tut#",
  "description": "Description for Tut#",
  "published": true,
  "createdAt": "2022-12-22T02:59:31.198Z",
  "updatedAt": "2022-12-22T02:59:31.198Z",
  "__v": 0
}

If you use this app with a front-end that needs id field instead of _id, you have to override toJSON method that map default object to a custom object. So the Mongoose model could be modified as following code:

module.exports = mongoose => {
  var schema = mongoose.Schema(
    {
      title: String,
      description: String,
      published: Boolean
    },
    { timestamps: true }
  );

  schema.method("toJSON", function() {
    const { __v, _id, ...object } = this.toObject();
    object.id = _id;
    return object;
  });

  const Tutorial = mongoose.model("tutorial", schema);
  return Tutorial;
};

And the result will look like this-

{
  "title": "BezKoder Tut#",
  "description": "Description for Tut#",
  "published": true,
  "createdAt": "2022-12-22T02:59:31.198Z",
  "updatedAt": "2022-12-22T02:59:31.198Z",
  "id": "5e363b135036a835ac1a7da8"
}

After finishing the steps above, we don’t need to write CRUD functions, Mongoose Model supports all of them:

create a new Tutorial: object.save()
find a Tutorial by id: findById(id)
retrieve all Tutorials: find()
update a Tutorial by id: findByIdAndUpdate(id, data)
remove a Tutorial: findByIdAndRemove(id)
remove all Tutorials: deleteMany()
find all Tutorials by title: find({ title: { $regex: new RegExp(title), $options: “i” } })

These functions will be used in our Controller.

Create the Controller

Inside app/controllers folder, let’s create tutorial.controller.js with these CRUD functions:

create
findAll
findOne
update
delete
deleteAll
findAllPublished

const db = require("../models");
const Tutorial = db.tutorials;

// Create and Save a new Tutorial
exports.create = (req, res) => {
  
};

// Retrieve all Tutorials from the database.
exports.findAll = (req, res) => {
  
};

// Find a single Tutorial with an id
exports.findOne = (req, res) => {
  
};

// Update a Tutorial by the id in the request
exports.update = (req, res) => {
  
};

// Delete a Tutorial with the specified id in the request
exports.delete = (req, res) => {
  
};

// Delete all Tutorials from the database.
exports.deleteAll = (req, res) => {
  
};

// Find all published Tutorials
exports.findAllPublished = (req, res) => {
  
};

You can continue with step by step to implement this Node.js Express App in the post:
Node.js, Express & MongoDb: Build a CRUD Rest Api example

Run the Nodejs Server

Run our Node.js Express MongoDB application with command: node server.js.

Angular 15 Front-end

Overview

– The App component is a container with router-outlet. It has navbar that links to routes paths via routerLink.

– TutorialsList component gets and displays Tutorials.
– TutorialDetails component has form for editing Tutorial’s details based on :id.
– AddTutorial component has form for submission new Tutorial.

– These Components call TutorialService methods which use Angular HTTPClient to make HTTP requests and receive responses.

Technology

Angular 15
Angular HttpClient
Angular Router
Bootstrap 4

Project Structure

– tutorial.model.ts exports the main class model: Tutorial.
– There are 3 components: tutorials-list, tutorial-details, add-tutorial.
– tutorial.service has methods for sending HTTP requests to the Apis.
– app-routing.module.ts defines routes for each component.
– app component contains router view and navigation bar.
– app.module.ts declares Angular components and import necessary modules.

Setup Angular 15 Project

Let’s open cmd and use Angular CLI to create a new Angular Project as following command:

ng new angular-15-crud-example
? Would you like to add Angular routing? Yes
? Which stylesheet format would you like to use? CSS

We also need to generate some Components and Services:

ng g s services/tutorial

ng g c components/add-tutorial
ng g c components/tutorial-details
ng g c components/tutorials-list

ng g class models/tutorial --type=model

Set up App Module

Open app.module.ts and import FormsModule, HttpClientModule:

...
import { FormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';

@NgModule({
  declarations: [ ... ],
  imports: [
    ...
    FormsModule,
    HttpClientModule
  ],
  providers: [],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }

Define Routes for Angular AppRoutingModule

There are 3 main routes:
– /tutorials for tutorials-list component
– /tutorials/:id for tutorial-details component
– /add for add-tutorial component

app-routing.module.ts

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
import { TutorialsListComponent } from './components/tutorials-list/tutorials-list.component';
import { TutorialDetailsComponent } from './components/tutorial-details/tutorial-details.component';
import { AddTutorialComponent } from './components/add-tutorial/add-tutorial.component';

const routes: Routes = [
  { path: '', redirectTo: 'tutorials', pathMatch: 'full' },
  { path: 'tutorials', component: TutorialsListComponent },
  { path: 'tutorials/:id', component: TutorialDetailsComponent },
  { path: 'add', component: AddTutorialComponent }
];

@NgModule({
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
  exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule { }

Define Model Class

Our main model class Tutorial will be exported in tutorial.model.ts with 4 fields:

id
title
description
published

models/tutorial.model.ts

export class Tutorial {
  id?: any;
  title?: string;
  description?: string;
  published?: boolean;
}

Create Data Service

This service will use Angular HttpClient to send HTTP requests.
You can see that its functions includes CRUD operations and finder method.

services/tutorial.service.ts

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';
import { Tutorial } from '../models/tutorial.model';

const baseUrl = 'http://localhost:8080/api/tutorials';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class TutorialService {

  constructor(private http: HttpClient) { }

  getAll(): Observable<Tutorial[]> {
    return this.http.get<Tutorial[]>(baseUrl);
  }

  get(id: any): Observable<Tutorial> {
    return this.http.get(`${baseUrl}/${id}`);
  }

  create(data: any): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.post(baseUrl, data);
  }

  update(id: any, data: any): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.put(`${baseUrl}/${id}`, data);
  }

  delete(id: any): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.delete(`${baseUrl}/${id}`);
  }

  deleteAll(): Observable<any> {
    return this.http.delete(baseUrl);
  }

  findByTitle(title: any): Observable<Tutorial[]> {
    return this.http.get<Tutorial[]>(`${baseUrl}?title=${title}`);
  }
}

Create Angular 15 Components

As you’ve known before, there are 3 components corresponding to 3 routes defined in AppRoutingModule.

Add new Item Component
List of items Component
Item details Component

You can continue with step by step to implement this Angular App in the post:
Angular 15 CRUD example with Web API

Run the Angular 15 App

You can run this App with command: ng serve --port 8081.
If the process is successful, open Browser with Url: http://localhost:8081/ and check it.

Source Code

You can find source code for this tutorial at: Angular Node.js MongoDB example GitHub

Conclusion

Now we have an overview of how to make Angular 15 + Nodejs + MongoDB example with Express Rest API when building a MEAN stack CRUD example.

We also take a look at client-server architecture for REST API using Express & Mongoose ODM, as well as Angular 15 project structure for building a front-end app to make HTTP requests and consume responses.

Next tutorials show you more details about how to implement the system (with Github):
– Back-end
– Front-end:

You will want to know how to run both projects in one place:
How to Integrate Angular with Node.js Restful Services

Or File Upload using Angular and Node.js

Pagination: Server side Pagination with Node.js and Angular

Security: MEAN stack Authentication & Authorization example

Or Serverless with Firebase:
– Angular 15 Firebase CRUD example with Realtime DB
– Angular 15 Firestore CRUD example

If you want to implement Form Validation, please visit:

Angular 15 + Node.js + MongoDB example: CRUD App

Angular 15 + Nodejs + MongoDB Overview

Angular 15 + Node.js + MongoDB Architecture

Video

Node.js Express MongoDB Back-end

Overview

Project Structure

Create Node.js App

Setup Express web server

Configure MongoDB database & Mongoose

Define Mongoose

Define the Mongoose Model

Create the Controller

Run the Nodejs Server

Angular 15 Front-end

Overview

Technology

Project Structure

Setup Angular 15 Project

Set up App Module

Define Routes for Angular AppRoutingModule

Define Model Class

Create Data Service

Create Angular 15 Components

Run the Angular 15 App

Further Reading

Source Code

Conclusion

Tools

Angular 15 + Nodejs + MongoDB Overview

Angular 15 + Node.js + MongoDB Architecture

Video

Node.js Express MongoDB Back-end

Overview

Project Structure

Create Node.js App

Setup Express web server

Configure MongoDB database & Mongoose

Define Mongoose

Define the Mongoose Model

Create the Controller

Run the Nodejs Server

Angular 15 Front-end

Overview

Technology

Project Structure

Setup Angular 15 Project

Set up App Module

Define Routes for Angular AppRoutingModule

Define Model Class

Create Data Service

Create Angular 15 Components

Run the Angular 15 App

Further Reading

Source Code

Conclusion

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Tools