React Hooks CRUD example with Axios and Web API

In this tutorial, I will show you how to build a React Hooks CRUD Application to consume Web API with Axios, display and modify data with Router & Bootstrap.

Related Posts:
– React Custom Hook
– React CRUD example with Axios and Web API (using React Components)
– React Hooks File Upload example with Axios & Progress Bar
– React Table example: CRUD App | react-table 7
– React Form Validation with Hooks example
– Typescript version: React Typescript CRUD example using Hooks and Axios

Security:
– React Hooks: JWT Authentication (without Redux) example
– React Hooks + Redux: JWT Authentication example

Serverless with Firebase:
– React Hooks + Firebase Realtime Database: CRUD App
– React Hooks + Firestore example: CRUD app

Overview of React Hooks CRUD example with Web API

We will build a React Hooks Tutorial Application in that:

• Each Tutorial has id, title, description, published status.
• We can create, retrieve, update, delete Tutorials.
• There is a Search bar for finding Tutorials by title.

Here are screenshots of our React.js CRUD Application.

– Create an item:

– Retrieve all items:

– Click on Edit button to update an item:

On this Page, you can:

• change status to Published using Publish button
• delete the item using Delete button
• update the item details with Update button

If you need Form Validation with React Hook Form 7, please visit:
React Form Validation with Hooks example

Or Formik and Yup:
React Form Validation example with Hooks, Formik and Yup

– Search Tutorials by title:

This React.js Client consumes the following Web API:

You can find step by step to build a Server like this in one of these posts:
– Express, Sequelize & MySQL
– Express, Sequelize & PostgreSQL
– Express, Sequelize & SQL Server
– Express & MongoDb
– Spring Boot & MySQL
– Spring Boot & PostgreSQL
– Spring Boot & MongoDB
– Spring Boot & SQL Server
– Spring Boot & H2
– Spring Boot & Cassandra
– Spring Boot & Oracle
– Python/Django & MySQL
– Python/Django & PostgreSQL
– Python/Django & MongoDB

If you want to work with table like this:

Please visit: React Table example: CRUD App | react-table 7

React App Diagram with Axios and Router

Let’s see the React Application Diagram that we’re gonna implement:

– The App component is a container with React Router. It has navbar that links to routes paths.

– TutorialsList gets and displays Tutorials.
– Tutorial has form for editing Tutorial’s details based on :id.
– AddTutorial has form for submission new Tutorial.

– They call TutorialDataService functions which use axios to make HTTP requests and receive responses.

If you want to work with Redux like this:

Please visit: React Hooks + Redux: CRUD example with Axios and Rest API

Technology

• React 17/16
• react-router-dom 6.2.2
• axios 0.26.1
• bootstrap 4.6.0

Project Structure

Now look at the project directory structure:

Let me explain it briefly.

– package.json contains 4 main modules: react, react-router-dom, axios & bootstrap.
– App is the container that has Router & navbar.
– There are 3 items using React hooks: TutorialsList, Tutorial, AddTutorial.
– http-common.js initializes axios with HTTP base Url and headers.
– TutorialDataService has functions for sending HTTP requests to the Apis.
– .env configures port for this React Hooks CRUD App.

Setup React.js Project

Open cmd at the folder you want to save Project folder, run command:
npx create-react-app react-hooks-crud

After the process is done. We create additional folders and files like the following tree:

---

public

src

components

AddTutorial.js

TUtorial.js

TutorialsList.js

services

TutorialService.js

App.css

App.js

index.js

package.json

---

Install Bootstrap for React Hooks CRUD App

Run command: npm install bootstrap.

Open src/App.js and modify the code inside it as following-

import React from "react";
import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css";

function App() {
  return (
    // ...
  );
}

export default App;

Add React Router to React Hooks CRUD App

– Run the command: npm install react-router-dom.
– Open src/index.js and wrap App component by BrowserRouter object.

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";
import { BrowserRouter } from "react-router-dom";

import App from "./App";
import * as serviceWorker from "./serviceWorker";

ReactDOM.render(
  <BrowserRouter>
    <App />
  </BrowserRouter>,
  document.getElementById("root")
);

serviceWorker.unregister();

Add Navbar to React Hooks CRUD App

Open src/App.js, this App component is the root container for our application, it will contain a navbar, and also, a Routes object with several Route. Each Route points to a React Component.

import React from "react";
import { Routes, Route, Link } from "react-router-dom";
import "bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css";
import "./App.css";

import AddTutorial from "./components/AddTutorial";
import Tutorial from "./components/Tutorial";
import TutorialsList from "./components/TutorialsList";

function App() {
  return (
    <div>
      <nav className="navbar navbar-expand navbar-dark bg-dark">
        <a href="/tutorials" className="navbar-brand">
          bezKoder
        </a>
        <div className="navbar-nav mr-auto">
          <li className="nav-item">
            <Link to={"/tutorials"} className="nav-link">
              Tutorials
            </Link>
          </li>
          <li className="nav-item">
            <Link to={"/add"} className="nav-link">
              Add
            </Link>
          </li>
        </div>
      </nav>

      <div className="container mt-3">
        <Routes>
          <Route path="/" element={<TutorialsList/>} />
          <Route path="/tutorials" element={<TutorialsList/>} />
          <Route path="/add" element={<AddTutorial/>} />
          <Route path="/tutorials/:id" element={<Tutorial/>} />
        </Routes>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

export default App;

Initialize Axios for React CRUD HTTP Client

Let’s install axios with command: npm install axios.
Under src folder, we create http-common.js file with following code:

import axios from "axios";

export default axios.create({
  baseURL: "http://localhost:8080/api",
  headers: {
    "Content-type": "application/json"
  }
});

You can change the baseURL that depends on REST APIs url that your Server configures.

For more details about ways to use Axios, please visit:
Axios request: Get/Post/Put/Delete example

Create Data Service

In this step, we’re gonna create a service that uses axios object above to send HTTP requests.
The service exports CRUD functions and finder method:

• CREATE: create
• RETRIEVE: getAll, get
• UPDATE: update
• DELETE: remove, removeAll
• FINDER: findByTitle

services/TutorialService.js

import http from "../http-common";

const getAll = () => {
  return http.get("/tutorials");
};

const get = id => {
  return http.get(`/tutorials/${id}`);
};

const create = data => {
  return http.post("/tutorials", data);
};

const update = (id, data) => {
  return http.put(`/tutorials/${id}`, data);
};

const remove = id => {
  return http.delete(`/tutorials/${id}`);
};

const removeAll = () => {
  return http.delete(`/tutorials`);
};

const findByTitle = title => {
  return http.get(`/tutorials?title=${title}`);
};

const TutorialService = {
  getAll,
  get,
  create,
  update,
  remove,
  removeAll,
  findByTitle
};

export default TutorialService;

We call axios (imported as http) get, post, put, delete method corresponding to HTTP Requests: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE to make CRUD Operations.

You can simplify import statement with:
Absolute Import in React

Create React Components

Now we’re gonna build 3 components corresponding to 3 Routes defined before.

Add Object

This component has a Form to submit new Tutorial with 2 fields: title & description.

components/AddTutorial.js

import React, { useState } from "react";
import TutorialDataService from "../services/TutorialService";

const AddTutorial = () => {
  const initialTutorialState = {
    id: null,
    title: "",
    description: "",
    published: false
  };
  const [tutorial, setTutorial] = useState(initialTutorialState);
  const [submitted, setSubmitted] = useState(false);

  const handleInputChange = event => {
    const { name, value } = event.target;
    setTutorial({ ...tutorial, [name]: value });
  };

  const saveTutorial = () => {
    var data = {
      title: tutorial.title,
      description: tutorial.description
    };

    TutorialDataService.create(data)
      .then(response => {
        setTutorial({
          id: response.data.id,
          title: response.data.title,
          description: response.data.description,
          published: response.data.published
        });
        setSubmitted(true);
        console.log(response.data);
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  const newTutorial = () => {
    setTutorial(initialTutorialState);
    setSubmitted(false);
  };

  return (
    // ...
  );
};

export default AddTutorial;

First, we define and set initial state: tutorial & submitted.

Next, we create handleInputChange() function to track the values of the input and set that state for changes. We also have a function to get tutorial state and send the POST request to the Web API. It calls TutorialDataService.create() method.

For return, we check the submitted state, if it is true, we show Add button for creating new Tutorial again. Otherwise, a Form with Submit button will display.

const AddTutorial = () => {
  ...

  return (
    <div className="submit-form">
      {submitted ? (
        <div>
          <h4>You submitted successfully!</h4>
          <button className="btn btn-success" onClick={newTutorial}>
            Add
          </button>
        </div>
      ) : (
        <div>
          <div className="form-group">
            <label htmlFor="title">Title</label>
            <input
              type="text"
              className="form-control"
              id="title"
              required
              value={tutorial.title}
              onChange={handleInputChange}
              name="title"
            />
          </div>

          <div className="form-group">
            <label htmlFor="description">Description</label>
            <input
              type="text"
              className="form-control"
              id="description"
              required
              value={tutorial.description}
              onChange={handleInputChange}
              name="description"
            />
          </div>

          <button onClick={saveTutorial} className="btn btn-success">
            Submit
          </button>
        </div>
      )}
    </div>
  );
};

export default AddTutorial;

List of Objects Component

There will be:

• a search bar for finding Tutorials by title.
• a tutorials array displayed as a list on the left.
• a selected Tutorial which is shown on the right.

So we will have following state:

• searchTitle
• tutorials
• currentTutorial and currentIndex

We also need to use 3 TutorialDataService functions:

• getAll()
• removeAll()
• findByTitle()

We’re gonna use the Effect Hook: useEffect() to fetch the data from the Web API. This Hook tells React that the component needs to do something after render or performing the DOM updates. In this effect, we perform data fetching from API.

components/TutorialsList.js

import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import TutorialDataService from "../services/TutorialService";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";

const TutorialsList = () => {
  const [tutorials, setTutorials] = useState([]);
  const [currentTutorial, setCurrentTutorial] = useState(null);
  const [currentIndex, setCurrentIndex] = useState(-1);
  const [searchTitle, setSearchTitle] = useState("");

  useEffect(() => {
    retrieveTutorials();
  }, []);

  const onChangeSearchTitle = e => {
    const searchTitle = e.target.value;
    setSearchTitle(searchTitle);
  };

  const retrieveTutorials = () => {
    TutorialDataService.getAll()
      .then(response => {
        setTutorials(response.data);
        console.log(response.data);
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  const refreshList = () => {
    retrieveTutorials();
    setCurrentTutorial(null);
    setCurrentIndex(-1);
  };

  const setActiveTutorial = (tutorial, index) => {
    setCurrentTutorial(tutorial);
    setCurrentIndex(index);
  };

  const removeAllTutorials = () => {
    TutorialDataService.removeAll()
      .then(response => {
        console.log(response.data);
        refreshList();
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  const findByTitle = () => {
    TutorialDataService.findByTitle(searchTitle)
      .then(response => {
        setTutorials(response.data);
        console.log(response.data);
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  return (
    // ...
  );
};

export default TutorialsList;

Let’s continue to implement UI elements:

...
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";

const TutorialsList = () => {
  ...

  return (
    <div className="list row">
      <div className="col-md-8">
        <div className="input-group mb-3">
          <input
            type="text"
            className="form-control"
            placeholder="Search by title"
            value={searchTitle}
            onChange={onChangeSearchTitle}
          />
          <div className="input-group-append">
            <button
              className="btn btn-outline-secondary"
              type="button"
              onClick={findByTitle}
            >
              Search
            </button>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div className="col-md-6">
        <h4>Tutorials List</h4>

        <ul className="list-group">
          {tutorials &&
            tutorials.map((tutorial, index) => (
              <li
                className={
                  "list-group-item " + (index === currentIndex ? "active" : "")
                }
                onClick={() => setActiveTutorial(tutorial, index)}
                key={index}
              >
                {tutorial.title}
              </li>
            ))}
        </ul>

        <button
          className="m-3 btn btn-sm btn-danger"
          onClick={removeAllTutorials}
        >
          Remove All
        </button>
      </div>
      <div className="col-md-6">
        {currentTutorial ? (
          <div>
            <h4>Tutorial</h4>
            <div>
              <label>
                <strong>Title:</strong>
              </label>{" "}
              {currentTutorial.title}
            </div>
            <div>
              <label>
                <strong>Description:</strong>
              </label>{" "}
              {currentTutorial.description}
            </div>
            <div>
              <label>
                <strong>Status:</strong>
              </label>{" "}
              {currentTutorial.published ? "Published" : "Pending"}
            </div>

            <Link
              to={"/tutorials/" + currentTutorial.id}
              className="badge badge-warning"
            >
              Edit
            </Link>
          </div>
        ) : (
          <div>
            <br />
            <p>Please click on a Tutorial...</p>
          </div>
        )}
      </div>
    </div>
  );
};

export default TutorialsList;

If you click on Edit button of any Tutorial, the app will direct you to Tutorial page.
We use React Router Link for accessing that page with url: /tutorials/:id.

You can add Pagination to this Page, just follow instruction in the post:
React Pagination using Hooks example

Object details Component

For getting data & update, delete the Tutorial, this component will use 3 TutorialDataService functions:

• get()
• update()
• remove()

We also use the Effect Hook useEffect() to get Tutorial by id in the URL (with the help of useParams() hook).

components/Tutorial.js

import React, { useState, useEffect } from "react";
import { useParams, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom';
import TutorialDataService from "../services/TutorialService";

const Tutorial = props => {
  const { id }= useParams();
  let navigate = useNavigate();

  const initialTutorialState = {
    id: null,
    title: "",
    description: "",
    published: false
  };
  const [currentTutorial, setCurrentTutorial] = useState(initialTutorialState);
  const [message, setMessage] = useState("");

  const getTutorial = id => {
    TutorialDataService.get(id)
      .then(response => {
        setCurrentTutorial(response.data);
        console.log(response.data);
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  useEffect(() => {
    if (id)
      getTutorial(id);
  }, [id]);

  const handleInputChange = event => {
    const { name, value } = event.target;
    setCurrentTutorial({ ...currentTutorial, [name]: value });
  };

  const updatePublished = status => {
    var data = {
      id: currentTutorial.id,
      title: currentTutorial.title,
      description: currentTutorial.description,
      published: status
    };

    TutorialDataService.update(currentTutorial.id, data)
      .then(response => {
        setCurrentTutorial({ ...currentTutorial, published: status });
        console.log(response.data);
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  const updateTutorial = () => {
    TutorialDataService.update(currentTutorial.id, currentTutorial)
      .then(response => {
        console.log(response.data);
        setMessage("The tutorial was updated successfully!");
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  const deleteTutorial = () => {
    TutorialDataService.remove(currentTutorial.id)
      .then(response => {
        console.log(response.data);
        navigate("/tutorials");
      })
      .catch(e => {
        console.log(e);
      });
  };

  return (
    // ...
  );
};

export default Tutorial;

And this is the code inside return:

const Tutorial = props => {
  ...

  return (
    <div>
      {currentTutorial ? (
        <div className="edit-form">
          <h4>Tutorial</h4>
          <form>
            <div className="form-group">
              <label htmlFor="title">Title</label>
              <input
                type="text"
                className="form-control"
                id="title"
                name="title"
                value={currentTutorial.title}
                onChange={handleInputChange}
              />
            </div>
            <div className="form-group">
              <label htmlFor="description">Description</label>
              <input
                type="text"
                className="form-control"
                id="description"
                name="description"
                value={currentTutorial.description}
                onChange={handleInputChange}
              />
            </div>

            <div className="form-group">
              <label>
                <strong>Status:</strong>
              </label>
              {currentTutorial.published ? "Published" : "Pending"}
            </div>
          </form>

          {currentTutorial.published ? (
            <button
              className="badge badge-primary mr-2"
              onClick={() => updatePublished(false)}
            >
              UnPublish
            </button>
          ) : (
            <button
              className="badge badge-primary mr-2"
              onClick={() => updatePublished(true)}
            >
              Publish
            </button>
          )}

          <button className="badge badge-danger mr-2" onClick={deleteTutorial}>
            Delete
          </button>

          <button
            type="submit"
            className="badge badge-success"
            onClick={updateTutorial}
          >
            Update
          </button>
          <p>{message}</p>
        </div>
      ) : (
        <div>
          <br />
          <p>Please click on a Tutorial...</p>
        </div>
      )}
    </div>
  );
};

export default Tutorial;

Add CSS style for React Components

Open src/App.css and write CSS code as following:

.list {
  text-align: left;
  max-width: 750px;
  margin: auto;
}

.submit-form {
  max-width: 300px;
  margin: auto;
}

.edit-form {
  max-width: 300px;
  margin: auto;
}

Configure Port for React CRUD Client with Web API

Because most of HTTP Server use CORS configuration that accepts resource sharing retrictted to some sites or ports, so we also need to configure port for our App.

In project folder, create .env file with following content:

PORT=8081

Now we’ve set our app running at port 8081.

Run React Hooks CRUD App

You can run our App with command: npm start.
If the process is successful, open Browser with Url: http://localhost:8081/ and check it.

This React Client will work well with following back-end Rest APIs:
– Express, Sequelize & MySQL
– Express, Sequelize & PostgreSQL
– Express, Sequelize & SQL Server
– Express & MongoDb
– Spring Boot & MySQL
– Spring Boot & PostgreSQL
– Spring Boot & MongoDB
– Spring Boot & SQL Server
– Spring Boot & H2
– Spring Boot & Cassandra
– Spring Boot & Oracle
– Python/Django & MySQL
– Python/Django & PostgreSQL
– Python/Django & MongoDB

Conclusion

Today we’ve built a React Hooks CRUD example successfully with Axios & React Router. Now we can consume REST APIs, display, search and modify data in a clean way. I hope you apply it in your project at ease.

For larger data, you may need to make pagination:
React Pagination using Hooks example

You can also find how to implement Authentication & Authorization with following posts:
– React Hooks: JWT Authentication (without Redux) example
– React Hooks + Redux: JWT Authentication example

If you need Form Validation with React Hook Form 7, please visit:
React Form Validation with Hooks example

Or Formik and Yup:
React Form Validation example with Hooks, Formik and Yup

Or File upload example:
React Hooks File Upload example with Axios & Progress Bar

Serverless with Firebase:
– React Hooks + Firebase Realtime Database: CRUD App
– React Hooks + Firestore example: CRUD app

Happy learning, see you again!

Further Reading

• React Hooks
• React Custom Hook
• React Router quickstart
• https://www.npmjs.com/package/axios

For more details about ways to use Axios, please visit:
Axios request: Get/Post/Put/Delete example

Integration:
– Integrate React with Spring Boot
– Integrate React with Node.js Express

If you want to work with table like this:

Please visit: React Table example: CRUD App | react-table 7

Fullstack:
– React + Spring Boot + MySQL: CRUD example
– React + Spring Boot + PostgreSQL: CRUD example
– React + Spring Boot + MongoDB: CRUD example
– React + Node.js + Express + MySQL: CRUD example
– React + Node.js + Express + PostgreSQL example
React Redux + Node.js + Express + MySQL: CRUD example
– React + Node.js + Express + MongoDB example
– React + Django + Rest Framework example

Source Code

You can find the complete source code for this tutorial on Github.

With Redux: React Hooks + Redux: CRUD example with Axios and Rest API

Typescript version: React Typescript CRUD example using Hooks and Axios