Spring Boot, Hibernate, Oracle example: Build CRUD App

In this tutorial, we’re gonna build a Spring Boot and Oracle database connection example that uses Hibernate, Spring Data JPA to make CRUD Operations. You’ll know:

• How to configure Spring Data, JPA, Hibernate to work with Oracle Database
• How to define Data Models and Repository interfaces
• Way to create Spring Rest Controller to process HTTP requests
• Way to use Spring Data JPA to interact with Oracle Database

More Practice:
– Spring Boot Thymeleaf CRUD example
– Spring Boot Rest XML example – Web service with XML Response
– Spring Boot Multipart File upload example
– Spring Boot Pagination and Sorting example
– Documentation: Spring Boot Swagger 3 example
– Caching: Spring Boot Redis Cache example
– Validation: Validate Request Body in Spring Boot

Associations:
– Spring Boot One To One example with JPA, Hibernate
– Spring Boot One To Many example with JPA, Hibernate
– Spring Boot Many to Many example with JPA, Hibernate

Exception Handling:
– Spring Boot @ControllerAdvice & @ExceptionHandler example
– @RestControllerAdvice example in Spring Boot

Testing: Spring Boot Unit Test for JPA Repository with @DataJpaTest

Using JdbcTemplate instead:
Spring Boot JdbcTemplate example with Oracle database

Overview of Spring Boot, Hibernate, Oracle example

We will build a Spring Boot + Hibernate + Oracle example that exports Rest CRUD API for a Tutorial application:

• Each Tutorial has id, title, description, published status.
• Apis help to create, retrieve, update, delete Tutorials.
• Apis also support custom finder methods such as find by published status or by title.

These are APIs that we need to provide:

– We make CRUD operations & finder methods with Hibernate and Spring Data JPA’s JpaRepository.
– The database will be Oracle 12c/19c by configuring project dependency & datasource.

Clients that work with this Rest API Server:

• Simple HTTP Client using Axios
• Simple HTTP Client using Fetch API
• Angular 8 CRUD Application example with Web API
• Angular 10 CRUD Application example with Web API
• Angular 11 CRUD Application example with Web API
• Angular 12 CRUD Application example with Web API
• Vue 2 CRUD Application with Vue Router & Axios
• Vue 3 CRUD Application with Axios & Vue Router
• React CRUD example with Axios
• React Redux CRUD example

Technology

• Java 8
• Spring Boot 2 (with Spring Web MVC, Spring Data JPA)
• Oracle 12c or 19c
• Maven 3.6.1

Project Structure

Let me explain it briefly.

– Tutorial data model class corresponds to entity and table tutorials.
– TutorialRepository is an interface that extends JpaRepository for CRUD methods and custom finder methods. It will be autowired in TutorialController.
– TutorialController is a RestController which has request mapping methods for RESTful requests such as: getAllTutorials, createTutorial, updateTutorial, deleteTutorial, findByPublished…
– Configuration for Spring Datasource, JPA & Hibernate in application.properties.
– pom.xml contains dependencies for Spring Boot and Oracle.

We can improve the example by adding Comments for each Tutorial. It is the One-to-Many Relationship and I write a tutorial for this at:
Spring Boot One To Many example with JPA, Hibernate

Or add Tags with Many-to-Many Relationship:
Spring Boot Many to Many example with JPA, Hibernate

Create & Setup Spring Boot project

Use Spring web tool or your development tool (Spring Tool Suite, Eclipse, Intellij) to create a Spring Boot Maven project.

Then open pom.xml and add these dependencies:

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

We also need to add one more dependency for Oracle database:

<dependency>
	<groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
	<artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
	<scope>12.2.0.1</scope>
</dependency>

Spring and Oracle database connection Configuration

Under src/main/resources folder, open application.properties and configure Spring Data Source, JPA/Hibernate:

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521/bezkoder
spring.datasource.username=bezkoder
spring.datasource.password=12345678
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

# Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, validate, update)
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update

• spring.datasource.username & spring.datasource.password properties are the same as your database installation.
• Spring Boot uses Hibernate for JPA implementation, we configure oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver for Oracle
• spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto is used for database initialization. We set the value to update value so that a table will be created in the database automatically corresponding to defined data model. Any change to the model will also trigger an update to the table. For production, this property should be validate.

Define Data Model

Our Data model is Tutorial with four fields: id, title, description, published.
In model package, we define Tutorial class.

model/Tutorial.java

package com.bezkoder.spring.oracle.model;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "tutorials")
public class Tutorial {

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
	private long id;

	@Column(name = "title")
	private String title;

	@Column(name = "description")
	private String description;

	@Column(name = "published")
	private boolean published;

	public Tutorial() {

	}

	public Tutorial(String title, String description, boolean published) {
		this.title = title;
		this.description = description;
		this.published = published;
	}

	public long getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public String getTitle() {
		return title;
	}

	public void setTitle(String title) {
		this.title = title;
	}

	public String getDescription() {
		return description;
	}

	public void setDescription(String description) {
		this.description = description;
	}

	public boolean isPublished() {
		return published;
	}

	public void setPublished(boolean isPublished) {
		this.published = isPublished;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Tutorial [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", desc=" + description + ", published=" + published + "]";
	}

}

– @Entity annotation indicates that the class is a persistent Java class.
– @Table annotation provides the Oracle table that maps this entity.
– @Id annotation is for the primary key.
– @GeneratedValue annotation is used to define generation strategy for the primary key. GenerationType.AUTO means Auto Increment field.
– @Column annotation is used to define the column in Oracle database that maps annotated field.

Create Repository Interface

Let’s create a repository to interact with Tutorials from the Oracle database table.
In repository package, create TutorialRepository interface that extends JpaRepository.

repository/TutorialRepository.java

package com.bezkoder.spring.oracle.repository;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import com.bezkoder.spring.oracle.model.Tutorial;

public interface TutorialRepository extends JpaRepository<Tutorial, Long> {
	List<Tutorial> findByPublished(boolean published);
	List<Tutorial> findByTitleContaining(String title);
}

Now we can use JpaRepository’s methods: save(), findOne(), findById(), findAll(), count(), delete(), deleteById()… without implementing these methods.

We also define custom finder methods:
– findByPublished(): returns all Tutorials with published having value as input published.
– findByTitleContaining(): returns all Tutorials which title contains input title.

The implementation is plugged in by Spring Data JPA automatically.

More Derived queries at:
JPA Repository query example in Spring Boot

Custom query with @Query annotation:
Spring JPA @Query example: Custom query in Spring Boot

You can modify this Repository:
– to work with Pagination, the instruction can be found at:
Spring Boot Pagination & Filter example | Spring JPA, Pageable
– or to sort/order by multiple fields with the tutorial:
Spring Data JPA Sort/Order by multiple Columns | Spring Boot

You also find way to write Unit Test for this JPA Repository at:
Spring Boot Unit Test for JPA Repository with @DataJpaTest

Create Spring Rest APIs Controller

Finally, we create a controller that provides APIs for creating, retrieving, updating, deleting and finding Tutorials.

controller/TutorialController.java

package com.bezkoder.spring.oracle.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.bezkoder.spring.oracle.model.Tutorial;
import com.bezkoder.spring.oracle.repository.TutorialRepository;

@CrossOrigin(origins = "http://localhost:8081")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class TutorialController {

	@Autowired
	TutorialRepository tutorialRepository;

	@GetMapping("/tutorials")
	public ResponseEntity<List<Tutorial>> getAllTutorials(@RequestParam(required = false) String title) {
		try {
			List<Tutorial> tutorials = new ArrayList<Tutorial>();

			if (title == null)
				tutorialRepository.findAll().forEach(tutorials::add);
			else
				tutorialRepository.findByTitleContaining(title).forEach(tutorials::add);

			if (tutorials.isEmpty()) {
				return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
			}

			return new ResponseEntity<>(tutorials, HttpStatus.OK);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(null, HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
		}
	}

	@GetMapping("/tutorials/{id}")
	public ResponseEntity<Tutorial> getTutorialById(@PathVariable("id") long id) {
		Optional<Tutorial> tutorialData = tutorialRepository.findById(id);

		if (tutorialData.isPresent()) {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(tutorialData.get(), HttpStatus.OK);
		} else {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
		}
	}

	@PostMapping("/tutorials")
	public ResponseEntity<Tutorial> createTutorial(@RequestBody Tutorial tutorial) {
		try {
			Tutorial _tutorial = tutorialRepository
					.save(new Tutorial(tutorial.getTitle(), tutorial.getDescription(), false));
			return new ResponseEntity<>(_tutorial, HttpStatus.CREATED);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(null, HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
		}
	}

	@PutMapping("/tutorials/{id}")
	public ResponseEntity<Tutorial> updateTutorial(@PathVariable("id") long id, @RequestBody Tutorial tutorial) {
		Optional<Tutorial> tutorialData = tutorialRepository.findById(id);

		if (tutorialData.isPresent()) {
			Tutorial _tutorial = tutorialData.get();
			_tutorial.setTitle(tutorial.getTitle());
			_tutorial.setDescription(tutorial.getDescription());
			_tutorial.setPublished(tutorial.isPublished());
			return new ResponseEntity<>(tutorialRepository.save(_tutorial), HttpStatus.OK);
		} else {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
		}
	}

	@DeleteMapping("/tutorials/{id}")
	public ResponseEntity<HttpStatus> deleteTutorial(@PathVariable("id") long id) {
		try {
			tutorialRepository.deleteById(id);
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
		}
	}

	@DeleteMapping("/tutorials")
	public ResponseEntity<HttpStatus> deleteAllTutorials() {
		try {
			tutorialRepository.deleteAll();
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
		}

	}

	@GetMapping("/tutorials/published")
	public ResponseEntity<List<Tutorial>> findByPublished() {
		try {
			List<Tutorial> tutorials = tutorialRepository.findByPublished(true);

			if (tutorials.isEmpty()) {
				return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
			}
			return new ResponseEntity<>(tutorials, HttpStatus.OK);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
		}
	}

}

– @CrossOrigin is for configuring allowed origins.
– @RestController annotation is used to define a controller and to indicate that the return value of the methods should be be bound to the web response body.
– @RequestMapping("/api") declares that all Apis’ url in the controller will start with /api.
– We use @Autowired to inject TutorialRepository bean to local variable.

Run & Check Oracle database

Run Spring Boot application with command: mvn spring-boot:run.

tutorials table will be automatically generated in Oracle Database.
You can see things like this:

Create some Tutorials:

Check Oracle database after create operation:

Update some Tutorials:

Check Oracle database after update operation:

Get all Tutorials:

Get a Tutorial by Id:

Find all published Tutorials:

Find all Tutorials which title contains ‘ring’:

Delete a Tutorial:

Check Oracle database after delete Operation:

Delete all Tutorials:

Now the table has no record:

You can also test this Spring Boot App with Client in one of these posts:

• Simple HTTP Client using Axios
• Simple HTTP Client using Fetch API
• Angular 8 CRUD Application example with Web API
• Angular 10 CRUD example with Web API
• Angular 11 CRUD example with Web API
• Angular 12 CRUD example with Web API
• Angular 13 CRUD example with Web API
• Angular 14 CRUD example with Web API
• Vue 2 CRUD Application with Vue Router & Axios
• Vue 3 CRUD Application with Axios & Vue Router
• React CRUD example with Axios
• React Redux CRUD example

Conclusion

Today we’ve built a Spring Boot with Hibernate and Oracle example for Rest CRUD API using Maven & Spring Data JPA. We also see that JpaRepository supports a great way to make CRUD operations and custom finder methods without need of boilerplate code.

Custom query with @Query annotation:
Spring JPA @Query example: Custom query in Spring Boot

If you want to add Pagination to this Spring project, you can find the instruction at:
Spring Boot Pagination & Filter example | Spring JPA, Pageable

To sort/order by multiple fields:
Spring Data JPA Sort/Order by multiple Columns | Spring Boot

Handle Exception for this Rest APIs is necessary:
– Spring Boot @ControllerAdvice & @ExceptionHandler example
– @RestControllerAdvice example in Spring Boot

Or way to write Unit Test for the JPA Repository:
Spring Boot Unit Test for JPA Repository with @DataJpaTest

Happy learning! See you again.

Further Reading

• Spring Data JPA Reference Documentation
• Spring Boot Pagination and Sorting example

We can improve the example by adding Comments for each Tutorial. It is the One-to-Many Relationship and I write a tutorial for this at:
Spring Boot One To Many example with JPA, Hibernate

Or add Tags with Many-to-Many Relationship:
Spring Boot Many to Many example with JPA, Hibernate

Source Code

You can find the complete source code for this tutorial on Github.

More Derived queries at:
JPA Repository query example in Spring Boot

Using JdbcTemplate instead:
Spring Boot JdbcTemplate example with Oracle database

Documentation: Spring Boot + Swagger 3 example (with OpenAPI 3)
Caching: Spring Boot Redis Cache example
Validation: Validate Request Body in Spring Boot